Kev soj ntsuam zoo ntawm cov khoom ua si mos yog ib kauj ruam tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim khoom, vim nws ua kom cov khoom kawg ua tau raws li kev nyab xeeb, cov khoom siv, thiab cov qauv kev ua haujlwm.Kev tshuaj xyuas zoo yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam khoom ua si muag muag, vim tias cov khoom ua si muag muag feem ntau yuav rau cov menyuam yaus thiab yuav tsum tau ua raws li cov cai nruj nruj.
Hom Cov Khoom Ua Si Soft:
Muaj ntau hom khoom ua si muag muag hauv khw, suav nrog cov khoom ua si plush, cov tsiaj txhu, cov menyuam roj hmab, thiab lwm yam.Cov khoom ua si plush yog mos, cuddly cov khoom ua si feem ntau yog ua los ntawm cov ntaub thiab cov khoom ua si nrog cov muag muag.Cov tsiaj txhu zoo li cov khoom ua si plush tab sis feem ntau ua kom zoo li cov tsiaj tiag tiag.Puppets yog cov khoom ua si muag muag uas koj tuaj yeem siv nrog koj txhais tes los tsim qhov kev xav ntawm kev txav mus los.Lwm hom khoom ua si mos muaj xws li cov menyuam mos beanie, hauv ncoo, thiab lwm yam.
Muaj ntau cov qauv uas cov khoom ua si mos yuav tsum tau ua kom pom tau tias muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab zoo.Cov qauv kev nyab xeeb rau cov khoom ua si mos muaj xws li ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials) thiab EN71 (European standard for toy safe).Cov qauv no suav nrog ntau yam kev nyab xeeb, nrog rau cov khoom siv, kev tsim kho, thiab cov ntawv sau npe.
Cov khoom siv thiab cov qauv tsim ua kom ntseeg tau tias cov khoom ua si mos yog tsim los ntawm cov khoom siv zoo thiab raug tsim los ua kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg thiab ruaj khov.Cov qauv tsim thiab kev ua haujlwm kom ntseeg tau tias cov khoom kawg zoo li ntxim nyiam thiab ua haujlwm raws li qhov xav tau.
ASTM F963 Cov Khoom Ua Si Kev Nyab Xeeb Kev Nyab Xeeb yog dab tsi?
ASTM F963 yog tus qauv rau kev nyab xeeb khoom ua si uas American Society tsim rau Kev Ntsuas thiab Khoom (ASTM).Nws yog cov txheej txheem qhia thiab kev ua tau zoo rau cov khoom ua si npaj rau kev siv los ntawm cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 14 xyoos.Tus qauv npog ntau yam khoom ua si, nrog rau cov menyuam roj hmab, cov duab ua haujlwm, cov khoom ua si, cov khoom ua si caij tsheb, thiab qee yam khoom siv ncaws pob hluas.
Tus txheej txheem hais txog ntau yam teeb meem kev nyab xeeb, suav nrog kev phom sij rau lub cev thiab kev siv tshuab, flammability, thiab tshuaj lom neeg txaus ntshai.Nws kuj suav nrog cov cai rau cov ntawv ceeb toom thiab cov lus qhia rau kev siv.Lub hom phiaj ntawm tus qauv yog los pab xyuas kom cov khoom ua si muaj kev nyab xeeb rau cov menyuam yaus ua si nrog thiab txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev raug mob lossis kev tuag vim muaj teeb meem ntawm cov khoom ua si.
American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) F963, feem ntau hu ua "Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Toy Safety," yog cov qauv kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov khoom ua si uas tsim los ntawm American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) uas siv rau txhua yam khoom ua si. nkag mus rau Tebchaws Meskas.Cov txheej txheem thoob ntiaj teb no lub cev cov lus qhia tau teev tseg tias cov khoom ua si thiab cov khoom siv me nyuam yuav tsum ua raws li cov txheej txheem tshuaj lom neeg, cov tshuab, thiab cov nplaim hluav taws xob tau teev tseg hauv qab no.
ASTM F963 Mechanical Test
ASTM F963 suav nrogkev kuaj tshuabcov kev cai kom paub meej tias cov khoom ua si muaj kev nyab xeeb rau menyuam yaus ua si nrog.Cov kev ntsuam xyuas no yog tsim los ntsuas cov khoom ua si lub zog thiab ua haujlwm ntev thiab xyuas kom lawv tsis muaj cov npoo ntse, cov ntsiab lus, thiab lwm yam kev phom sij uas tuaj yeem ua rau raug mob.Qee qhov kev ntsuam xyuas tshuab suav nrog hauv tus qauv yog:
- Ntse ntug thiab taw tes xeem: Qhov kev ntsuam xyuas no yog siv los ntsuas qhov ntse ntawm cov npoo thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov khoom ua si.Cov khoom ua si tau muab tso rau ntawm qhov chaw tiaj tus, thiab lub zog yog siv rau ntawm ntug lossis taw tes.Yog tias cov khoom ua si ua tsis tiav qhov kev xeem, nws yuav tsum tau rov tsim dua lossis hloov kho kom tshem tawm qhov phom sij.
- Tensile zog test: Qhov kev ntsuam xyuas no yog siv los ntsuas lub zog ntawm cov khoom siv hauv cov khoom ua si.Ib qho piv txwv ntawm cov khoom siv yog raug rau lub zog tensile kom txog thaum nws tawg.Lub zog yuav tsum tau ua kom tawg cov qauv yog siv los txiav txim siab cov khoom siv lub zog tensile.
- Impact Strength Test: Qhov kev ntsuam xyuas no yog siv los ntsuas lub peev xwm ntawm cov khoom ua si los tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam.Ib qho hnyav yog poob rau ntawm cov khoom ua si los ntawm qhov siab, thiab qhov kev puas tsuaj los ntawm cov khoom ua si raug soj ntsuam.
- Compression test: Qhov kev ntsuam xyuas no yog siv los ntsuas lub peev xwm ntawm cov khoom ua si los tiv thaiv compression.Ib qho load yog siv rau cov khoom ua si nyob rau hauv ib tug perpendicular kev taw qhia, thiab tus nqi ntawm deformation txhawb nqa los ntawm cov khoom ua si yog soj ntsuam.
ASTM F963 Flammability Test
ASTM F963 suav nrog cov kev sim ntsuas hluav taws xob kom ntseeg tau tias cov khoom ua si tsis muaj teeb meem hluav taws.Cov kev ntsuam xyuas no yog tsim los ntsuas qhov flammability ntawm cov khoom siv hauv cov khoom ua si thiab kom ntseeg tau tias cov khoom ua si tsis ua rau muaj hluav taws kub.Qee qhov kev ntsuam xyuas flammability suav nrog hauv tus qauv yog:
- Surface flammability test: Qhov kev ntsuam xyuas no yog siv los ntsuas qhov flammability ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov khoom ua si.Cov nplaim hluav taws yog siv rau cov khoom ua si saum npoo rau lub sijhawm teev tseg, thiab cov nplaim taws sib kis thiab siv tau raug ntsuas.
- Me me qhov chaw flammability test: Qhov kev ntsuam xyuas no yog siv los ntsuas qhov flammability ntawm cov khoom me me uas yuav raug tshem tawm ntawm cov khoom ua si.Cov nplaim hluav taws yog siv rau qhov me me, thiab cov nplaim hluav taws kub hnyiab tau raug tshuaj xyuas.
- Slow-burning test: Qhov kev ntsuam xyuas no yog siv los ntsuas lub peev xwm ntawm cov khoom ua si los tiv thaiv kev kub hnyiab thaum tsis muaj neeg saib xyuas.Cov khoom ua si tau muab tso rau hauv lub cub tawg thiab raug rau qhov kub thiab txias rau lub sijhawm teev tseg - tus nqi ntawm cov khoom ua si kub yog ntsuas.
ASTM F963 Kev Xeem Tshuaj
ASTM F963 suav nrogtshuaj ntsuam xyuascov kev cai los xyuas kom meej tias cov khoom ua si tsis muaj cov tshuaj phem uas yuav tsum tau noj los yog nqus tau los ntawm cov menyuam yaus.Cov kev ntsuam xyuas no yog tsim los ntsuas qee yam tshuaj muaj nyob hauv cov khoom ua si thiab xyuas kom lawv tsis pub dhau qhov txwv.Qee qhov kev kuaj tshuaj muaj nyob hauv tus qauv yog:
- Kev ntsuam xyuas cov ntsiab lus txhuas: Qhov kev ntsuam xyuas no yog siv los ntsuas qhov muaj cov hlau lead hauv cov khoom ua si.Lead yog cov tshuaj lom neeg uas tuaj yeem ua mob rau menyuam yaus yog tias noj lossis nqus tau.Tus nqi ntawm cov hlau lead tam sim no nyob rau hauv cov khoom ua si yog ntsuas los xyuas kom meej tias nws tsis pub tshaj qhov txwv.
- Phthalate cov ntsiab lus kuaj: Qhov kev sim no yog siv los ntsuas qhov muaj phthalates hauv cov khoom ua si.Phthalates yog cov tshuaj siv los ua cov yas hloov tau yooj yim, tab sis lawv tuaj yeem ua mob rau menyuam yaus yog tias noj lossis nqus tau.Tus nqi ntawm phthalates nyob rau hauv cov khoom ua si yog ntsuas los xyuas kom meej tias nws tsis pub tshaj qhov txwv.
- Tag nrho cov volatile organic compound (TVOC) test: Qhov kev ntsuam xyuas no yog siv los ntsuam xyuas qhov muaj cov organic tebchaw (VOCs) hauv cov khoom ua si.VOCs yog cov tshuaj uas evaporate rau saum huab cua thiab nqus tau.Tus nqi ntawm VOCs hauv cov khoom ua si yog ntsuas los xyuas kom meej tias nws tsis pub dhau qhov kev txwv.
ASTM F963 Labeling Requirements
ASTM F963 suav nrog cov kev cai rau cov ntawv ceeb toom thiab cov lus qhia rau kev siv los pab xyuas kom meej tias cov khoom ua si siv tau zoo.Cov kev cai no yog tsim los muab cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb rau cov neeg siv khoom txog cov kev phom sij uas cuam tshuam nrog cov khoom ua si thiab yuav siv cov khoom ua si zoo li cas.Qee qhov kev cai sau npe suav nrog hauv tus qauv yog:
- Cov ntawv ceeb toom: Cov ntawv ceeb toom yuav tsum muaj ntawm cov khoom ua si uas muaj kev phom sij rau menyuam yaus.Cov ntawv no yuav tsum tau nthuav tawm kom pom tseeb thiab qhia meej txog qhov xwm txheej thiab yuav ua li cas kom zam tau.
- Cov lus qhia rau kev siv: Cov lus qhia rau kev siv yog xav tau ntawm cov khoom ua si nrog cov khoom uas tuaj yeem sib dhos lossis disassembled lossis uas muaj ntau yam haujlwm lossis nta.Cov lus qhia no yuav tsum tau sau kom meej thiab meej thiab suav nrog cov kev ceev faj uas tsim nyog lossis ceeb toom.
- Hnub nyoog muab qhab nia: Cov khoom ua si yuav tsum tau sau npe nrog qib hnub nyoog los pab cov neeg siv khoom xaiv cov khoom ua si uas tsim nyog rau hnub nyoog rau lawv cov menyuam.Qib hnub nyoog yuav tsum yog raws li cov menyuam yaus txoj kev loj hlob muaj peev xwm thiab ua kom pom tseeb ntawm cov khoom ua si lossis nws lub ntim.
- Lub Tebchaws Keeb Kwm: Lub tebchaws ntawm cov khoom yuav tsum tau hais nyob rau hauv daim ntawv no.Qhov no yuav tsum tau qhia rau ntawm cov khoom ntim.
Qee cov txheej txheem koom nrog hauv Kev Tshawb Fawb Cov Khoom Ua Si Soft:
1. Kev tshuaj xyuas ua ntej tsim khoom:
Kev tshuaj xyuas ua ntej ntau lawmyog ib kauj ruam tseem ceeb hauv cov txheej txheem tshuaj xyuas zoo, vim nws pab txheeb xyuas cov teeb meem muaj peev xwm ua ntej cov txheej txheem tsim khoom pib.Thaum lub sijhawm tshuaj xyuas ua ntej tsim khoom, cov kws tshaj lij tswj xyuas cov ntaub ntawv tsim khoom xws li kev tsim cov duab kos thiab cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb kom ntseeg tau tias lawv ua tau raws li cov qauv tsim nyog thiab cov kev xav tau.Lawv kuj tshuaj xyuas cov khoom siv raw thiab cov khoom siv kom ntseeg tau tias lawv muaj qhov zoo txaus los siv rau hauv cov khoom kawg.Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv xyuas kom meej tias cov cuab yeej tsim khoom thiab cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm tau zoo thiab muaj peev xwm ua tau cov khoom zoo.
2. Kev soj ntsuam hauv kab:
Kev tshuaj xyuas hauv kab saib xyuas cov txheej txheem tsim khoom kom ntseeg tau tias cov khoom tiav ua tau raws li cov qauv tsim nyog thiab cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb.Cov kws tshaj lij tswj xyuas kev ua haujlwm zoo ua qhov kev kuaj xyuas cov khoom tiav los txheeb xyuas thiab kho cov teeb meem thaum lawv tshwm sim.Qhov no pab tau txais qhov tsis xws luag thaum ntxov hauv cov txheej txheem ntau lawm thiab tiv thaiv lawv ntawm kev sim mus rau theem zaum kawg.
3. Kev soj ntsuam zaum kawg:
Kev tshuaj xyuas zaum kawg yog kev ntsuam xyuas cov khoom tiav los xyuas kom meej tias lawv ua tau raws li txhua yam kev nyab xeeb, cov khoom siv, thiab cov qauv kev ua haujlwm.Qhov no suav nrog kev sim rau kev nyab xeeb thiab kev ua haujlwm thiab tshuaj xyuas lub ntim kom paub meej tias nws muaj qhov zoo txaus thiab muab kev tiv thaiv txaus rau cov khoom ua si mos.
4. Kev Kho Kom Zoo:
Yog tias muaj teeb meem raug txheeb xyuas thaum lub sijhawm tshuaj xyuas qhov zoo, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau siv cov kev kho kom raug los kho thiab tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob tshwm sim dua.Qhov no yuav suav nrog kev txheeb xyuas lub hauv paus ntawm qhov teeb meem thiab siv kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv kom txo tau qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsis zoo yav tom ntej.
5. Kev khaws cia thiab cov ntaub ntawv:
Kev khaws cov ntaub ntawv kom raug thiab cov ntaub ntawv yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov txheej txheem tshuaj xyuas zoo.Cov kws tshaj lij tswj xyuas kev ua tau zoo yuav tsum tuav cov ntaub ntawv xws li cov ntaub ntawv tshuaj ntsuam xyuas, thiab cov ntaub ntawv qhia txog kev kho kom zoo los taug qab qhov kev nce qib ntawmkev soj ntsuam zootxheej txheem thiab txheeb xyuas cov ncauj lus los yog qhov chaw rau kev txhim kho.
Kev tshuaj xyuas zoo yog ib kauj ruam tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim cov khoom ua si mos, vim nws ua kom cov khoom kawg ua tau raws li kev nyab xeeb, cov khoom siv, thiab cov qauv kev ua haujlwm.Los ntawm kev siv cov txheej txheem tshuaj xyuas kom zoo, cov tuam txhab tsim khoom tuaj yeem tsim cov khoom ua si muag muag uas ua tau raws li qhov xav tau thiab kev cia siab ntawm lawv cov neeg siv khoom.
Post lub sij hawm: Jan-20-2023